China Video Creators

Why Choose a Nantong Professional Steadicam Operator for Your Next Project?

When it comes to capturing smooth, cinematic footage, a Nantong professional steadicam operator is essential for achieving professional results. In Nantong, a city known for its rich cultural heritage and modern industrial hubs, having a skilled steadicam operator can elevate your video production to the next level. At Shoot in China, we specialize in providing top-tier steadicam services, ensuring your project stands out with seamless, dynamic shots that maintain visual continuity and artistic integrity throughout your production.

Our Expertise in Steadicam Operations

With over a decade of experience in video production across China, our team has mastered the art of steadicam operations. Whether you’re filming a high-end commercial, a corporate event, or a documentary, our Nantong-based steadicam operators bring precision and creativity to every shot. Equipped with state-of-the-art gear from brands like Canon, Sony, and Arri, we deliver unparalleled results that meet international production standards. Our operators undergo continuous training to stay current with the latest stabilization techniques and camera technologies.

Comprehensive Production Support

Beyond steadicam services, we offer end-to-end production support to streamline your project. From location scouting and casting to bilingual crew coordination and post-production editing, we handle every detail with meticulous attention. Our team is fluent in both English and Mandarin, ensuring seamless communication with international clients and local vendors alike. This comprehensive approach allows you to focus on creative direction while we manage the technical and logistical complexities of filming in the Nantong region.

High-End Equipment and Workflow

We pride ourselves on using cutting-edge technology to achieve the best results. Our steadicam setups are complemented by professional lighting rigs and high-resolution cameras, ensuring your footage is crisp and visually stunning. Our workflow is designed to maximize efficiency, from pre-production planning to final delivery. We maintain all equipment according to manufacturer specifications and carry backup gear to every shoot, guaranteeing uninterrupted production regardless of unexpected technical challenges.

Adaptability Across Various Production Types

Our camera stabilization specialists excel in diverse filming environments, from crowded urban settings to controlled studio spaces. We understand the unique demands of different production formats, whether you’re creating promotional content for Nantong’s growing business sector or documenting the city’s cultural landmarks. Our operators possess the physical stamina and artistic sensibility required for extended shooting sessions, maintaining consistent performance throughout demanding production schedules.

Client Benefits and Regional Knowledge

Choosing Shoot in China means partnering with a trusted production house that understands the unique challenges of filming in China. Our extensive network across major cities like Shanghai, Beijing, and Shenzhen allows us to operate seamlessly in Nantong and beyond. We tailor our services to meet your specific needs, ensuring a hassle-free experience from concept to completion. Our deep understanding of local regulations, weather patterns, and cultural considerations enables us to anticipate potential obstacles and develop effective contingency plans.

Technical Precision and Creative Vision

The true value of a professional camera stabilization expert lies in their ability to merge technical precision with creative vision. Our operators don’t just follow instructions—they contribute artistic input based on years of experience working with directors and cinematographers. We study your script or storyboard thoroughly to identify opportunities where stabilized camera movement can enhance storytelling and emotional impact. This collaborative approach ensures that every shot serves the narrative while maintaining visual excellence.

Contact Us Today

Ready to bring your vision to life? Contact Shoot in China today for expert Nantong professional steadicam operator services. Let us help you create captivating content that resonates with your audience through flawless camera movement and professional stabilization techniques. Our team is available for consultations to discuss your specific project requirements and develop a customized approach that aligns with your creative goals and budget considerations.

Why Choose Our Nantong TV Broadcast Camera Operator Services?

When it comes to professional video production, having a skilled Nantong TV broadcast camera operator can make all the difference in achieving broadcast-quality results. At Shoot in China, we pride ourselves on delivering top-tier filming services that cater to corporate, commercial, and event projects. Our team of seasoned professionals ensures that every shot is captured with precision and creativity, leveraging state-of-the-art equipment and industry-leading techniques developed through years of experience in the broadcasting industry.

Comprehensive Production Support

Our services go beyond just providing a Nantong TV broadcast camera operator. We offer a full suite of production support, including bilingual crews, location scouting, casting, and logistics management. Whether you’re filming a high-end commercial or a documentary series, our turnkey production process covers every step from concept development to final completion. Our production managers work closely with clients to understand their specific requirements and ensure seamless coordination between all team members throughout the filming process.

High-End Equipment and Technical Expertise

We utilize top professional brands like Canon, Sony, and Arri cinema cameras to ensure the highest quality footage that meets broadcast standards. Our camera operators receive continuous training to handle the latest camera technology and stabilization systems, providing dynamic shots that bring your creative vision to life with cinematic quality. Additionally, our licensed drone pilots offer stunning aerial footage capabilities, adding unique perspectives and visual variety to your television projects while maintaining strict safety protocols.

Industry-Specific Broadcasting Workflows

Our production workflows are specifically designed to meet the rigorous demands of television broadcasting environments. From professional lighting setups that ensure consistent image quality to multi-camera synchronization for live events, we ensure that every technical detail is meticulously planned and executed according to industry standards. Our technical team maintains comprehensive equipment checks and backup systems to prevent any disruptions during critical filming sessions, giving you peace of mind throughout the production process.

Client Benefits and Project Success

Choosing Shoot in China means partnering with a trusted production house that has successfully completed over 1,600 projects across various industries and formats. Our extensive network across major Chinese cities like Shanghai, Beijing, and Shenzhen allows us to operate seamlessly in Nantong and throughout the Yangtze River Delta region. We maintain strong relationships with local authorities and venues, facilitating smooth permit acquisition and location access. Our commitment to delivering exceptional visual content consistently exceeds client expectations while adhering to project timelines and budget constraints.

Professional Communication and Coordination

Effective communication is essential for successful television production, which is why our team maintains fluency in both English and Mandarin. This bilingual capability ensures clear understanding of creative direction, technical requirements, and logistical details throughout the production timeline. Our project coordinators provide regular updates and maintain open communication channels, ensuring that clients remain informed and involved in key decision-making processes from pre-production planning through final delivery.

Contact Us for Professional Broadcasting Solutions

Ready to elevate your next television project with professional production quality? Contact us today for expert Nantong TV broadcast camera operator services throughout China. Our experienced team will help you create compelling visual content that stands out in today’s competitive media landscape while ensuring technical excellence and creative execution that captures your unique vision and messaging objectives effectively.

Why Choose Our Nantong Documentary Film Director Services?

When it comes to creating compelling documentaries, the right director can make all the difference, and our Nantong documentary film director services provide the perfect blend of creative vision and technical execution. At Shoot in China, we specialize in providing Nantong documentary film director services that combine creativity, technical expertise, and local knowledge. Based in Shanghai, our team has over a decade of experience delivering high-quality video production across China, including Nantong and other major hubs like Beijing, Shenzhen, and Chengdu. Our directors bring a unique understanding of both Western and Chinese storytelling techniques, ensuring your documentary resonates with diverse audiences while maintaining cultural authenticity.

Comprehensive Filmmaking Solutions

Our services go beyond directing to offer complete production support, ensuring every aspect of your documentary is handled with precision and care. From initial concept development and scriptwriting to final edits and color grading, our bilingual crews and award-winning directors work closely with you to bring your vision to life. Whether you need location scouting in Nantong’s historic districts, professional casting services, or complex logistical support, we provide comprehensive solutions that streamline the entire production process. Our project management team coordinates all elements seamlessly, allowing you to focus on the creative aspects while we handle the technical details.

State-of-the-Art Equipment

Quality starts with the right tools, and we invest in top-tier equipment from industry-leading brands like Canon, Sony, and Arri to ensure your footage meets professional standards. Our professional lighting setups are designed to capture the perfect mood and atmosphere, whether shooting indoors or in challenging outdoor environments. For aerial perspectives, our licensed drone pilots utilize advanced UAV technology to capture dynamic shots that add visual depth and cinematic quality to your storytelling. We maintain all equipment to the highest standards and upgrade regularly to incorporate the latest technological advancements in film production.

Client-Centric Approach

We understand that every documentary project has unique requirements and objectives, which is why we tailor our filmmaking services to meet your specific needs and budget constraints. Whether you’re producing a corporate documentary for business promotion, an educational piece for academic institutions, or a cultural documentary highlighting local heritage, our team ensures seamless communication and timely delivery throughout the production timeline. Our extensive network across China allows us to operate efficiently even in challenging locations, providing local support and resources that significantly enhance production quality while reducing logistical complications.

Case Study: A Nantong Success Story

Recently, we collaborated with an international brand to produce a documentary highlighting Nantong’s rich cultural heritage and industrial development. Our director worked closely with local historians and community leaders to capture authentic stories that reflected the city’s unique character, while our post-production team added professional English and Mandarin subtitles for global audiences. The comprehensive production involved multiple shooting locations across Nantong, including the Hao River scenic area, textile museums, and modern industrial parks. The final result was a visually stunning film that resonated with viewers worldwide and received positive feedback for its authentic portrayal of Nantong’s cultural and economic transformation.

Benefits of Partnering with Shoot in China

• Local Expertise: Our directors have deep knowledge of Nantong and other Chinese cities, ensuring culturally accurate storytelling that respects local traditions while appealing to international audiences.
• Bilingual Support: Seamless communication with our English and Mandarin-speaking teams eliminates language barriers and ensures your creative vision is accurately translated throughout the production process.
• Turnkey Production: From initial scripting and storyboarding to final screening and distribution, we handle every detail with professional precision and attention to quality standards.
• Proven Track Record: Over 1,600 successful projects completed since 2012 demonstrate our consistent ability to deliver high-quality documentary films that meet client objectives and audience expectations.
• Cultural Sensitivity: Our team understands the nuances of Chinese culture and business practices, ensuring your documentary respects local customs while effectively communicating your intended message.

Documentary Production Process

Our systematic approach to documentary filmmaking begins with comprehensive pre-production planning, where we develop detailed storyboards, shooting schedules, and location plans. During production, our experienced directors guide the filming process with careful attention to visual composition, interview techniques, and narrative flow. Post-production involves professional editing, sound design, color correction, and final mastering to ensure your documentary achieves broadcast-quality standards. Throughout each phase, we maintain open communication with clients, providing regular updates and seeking feedback to ensure the final product aligns perfectly with your vision and objectives.

Ready to Start Your Project?

If you’re looking for professional documentary direction in Nantong that delivers exceptional results and authentic storytelling, our experienced team is ready to bring your vision to life. Contact us today to discuss your project requirements, timeline, and creative goals. We’ll provide a detailed proposal outlining our approach, deliverables, and investment required to create a compelling documentary that effectively communicates your message and engages your target audience. Let’s create something extraordinary together that captures the essence of your story through professional filmmaking expertise and creative vision.

Why Choose Nantong Commercial Cinematographer Services for Your Next Project?

When it comes to creating impactful commercial videos, Nantong stands out as a dynamic hub for businesses seeking professional cinematography services. At Shoot in China, we bring over a decade of expertise to deliver exceptional Nantong commercial cinematographer services tailored to your specific requirements. Based in Shanghai, our boutique production house specializes in high-quality video production, offering a seamless blend of creativity, technical precision, and local expertise that ensures your project achieves maximum visual impact and engagement.

Comprehensive Production Solutions for Nantong Businesses

Our comprehensive video production services are designed to meet the diverse needs of corporate clients across various industries, from initial concept development through final delivery. Whether you’re filming a corporate training video, a compelling commercial advertisement, or an engaging documentary, our professional team ensures every detail is executed flawlessly with meticulous attention to quality and storytelling. We provide extensive support services including bilingual production crews and experienced fixers who facilitate seamless communication between international clients and local talent. Our location scouting and casting services are specifically tailored to Nantong’s unique urban and natural landscapes, ensuring your video captures the authentic essence of this vibrant region. We maintain an extensive inventory of state-of-the-art equipment rentals featuring industry-leading brands like Canon, Sony, and Arri cameras, along with professional lighting and sound recording gear. Additionally, our certified and licensed drone pilots deliver stunning aerial footage that adds dramatic perspectives to your visual narrative.

Advanced Technology and Professional Workflow

We pride ourselves on utilizing the latest cinematic technology and production techniques to elevate your project above industry standards. Our cinematographers possess advanced skills in sophisticated lighting setups, 4K and higher resolution filming capabilities, and dynamic motion graphics integration. The entire production process, from detailed pre-production planning and storyboarding to meticulous post-production editing and color grading, is handled with precision and professional expertise. Our streamlined workflow ensures efficient project management while maintaining the highest quality standards throughout every phase of production.

Client Benefits of Partnering with Shoot in China

Choosing our professional video production services in Nantong provides significant advantages for businesses seeking exceptional visual content. You gain access to our seasoned production team with extensive experience across more than 1,600 successfully completed projects spanning various industries and formats. Our extensive professional networks across major Chinese cities including Shanghai, Beijing, and Shenzhen enable us to mobilize resources quickly and efficiently. We offer comprehensive turnkey solutions that significantly save time and reduce logistical challenges for international clients. Most importantly, we deliver high-quality final products that perfectly align with your brand vision and communication objectives, ensuring your investment generates meaningful returns through compelling visual storytelling.

Our Production Expertise in Action

Our extensive portfolio includes successful collaborations with numerous global brands and established local businesses, showcasing our consistent ability to deliver exceptional results across diverse settings and production requirements. Whether filming in Nantong’s bustling urban centers, modern industrial parks, or its serene countryside locations, we possess the adaptability and creative insight to meet your project’s unique visual and narrative requirements. Our team understands how to leverage Nantong’s distinctive environments to create visually stunning content that resonates with your target audience while effectively communicating your core message.

Contact Our Professional Team Today

Ready to elevate your next video project with professional cinematography expertise? Contact Shoot in China for premier Nantong commercial cinematographer services that combine creative vision with technical excellence. Let us bring your unique vision to life through our creative storytelling, technical expertise, and unmatched professional dedication to quality and client satisfaction. Our team is prepared to discuss your project requirements and develop a customized production plan that meets your specific goals and budget parameters.

Email: [email protected] | Address: 8th Floor, Fude Plaza, 1688 Sichuan Bei Road, Hong Kou District, Shanghai 200080

Why Choose a Nantong Full-Service Video Production Agency?

When it comes to creating high-quality video content in China, partnering with a trusted Nantong full-service video production agency ensures seamless execution from concept to delivery. Based in Shanghai, Shoot in China brings over a decade of expertise to every project, offering comprehensive services tailored to meet the needs of international clients. Whether you’re producing corporate videos, documentaries, or commercials, our team delivers exceptional results across mainland China with professional equipment and experienced crews who understand the local market dynamics and cultural nuances that make projects successful.

Comprehensive Production Services

Our Nantong-based video production services cover every aspect of the filmmaking process with meticulous attention to detail. From initial creative brainstorming and scripting to filming, editing, and post-production, we handle it all with precision and creativity. Our bilingual crews and fixers ensure smooth communication between international clients and local teams, while our extensive network across China allows us to scout the perfect locations and manage logistics efficiently. We coordinate permits, talent casting, and all necessary arrangements to ensure your production runs smoothly from start to finish without unexpected delays or complications.

State-of-the-Art Equipment

We pride ourselves on using top-tier equipment to bring your vision to life with cinematic quality. Our extensive arsenal includes high-end cameras from industry-leading brands like Canon, Sony, and Arri, as well as professional lighting setups and licensed drone pilots for stunning aerial footage that adds production value to any project. Whether you need a one-day shoot or a multi-day production spanning multiple locations, we have the technical resources and expertise to deliver outstanding visual results that meet broadcast standards and exceed client expectations for quality and professionalism.

Tailored Solutions for Every Project

Every project presents unique challenges and opportunities, and our team excels at crafting customized solutions to meet your specific goals and budget requirements. From corporate videos that showcase your brand’s story to dynamic commercials that captivate target audiences, we ensure your message resonates effectively with viewers. Our comprehensive post-production services, including professional editing in both English and Mandarin, motion graphics animation, and careful video localization, add the finishing touches that transform raw footage into polished, engaging content that achieves your communication objectives.

Client Benefits of Working With Our Production Team

Choosing Shoot in China as your Nantong full-service video production agency comes with numerous advantages that streamline the entire production process. Our experienced team has successfully completed over 1,600 projects across various industries, giving us the practical knowledge to anticipate challenges and deliver solutions efficiently. We provide seamless coordination across major Chinese cities, including Shanghai, Beijing, and Shenzhen, with bilingual support for hassle-free communication and accurate translation services. Our turnkey production approach saves clients significant time and effort by handling all aspects of project management, allowing you to focus on your core business while we manage the creative execution.

Our Expertise in Action

Our extensive portfolio includes high-profile projects for global brands across multiple sectors, showcasing our ability to handle diverse production needs with creativity and technical precision. From corporate events and training videos to cinematic documentaries and brand campaigns, we bring artistic vision and professional execution to every frame. Our award-winning creative team, led by industry veterans with international experience, ensures your project receives the attention to detail and creative insight necessary to stand out in today’s competitive media landscape while maintaining consistent quality throughout the production process.

Contact Us Today

Ready to elevate your next video project with professional expertise and comprehensive support? Contact Shoot in China for expert Nantong full-service video production agency services that combine creative vision with practical execution. Let us handle the complex details of production coordination while you focus on developing your vision and messaging. Reach out at [email protected] or visit our Shanghai headquarters to discuss your project requirements, timeline, and budget with our experienced production consultants who can provide tailored recommendations for your specific needs and objectives.

Why Choose a Nantong Experienced Fixer for International Productions?

When planning international video production in China, having a Nantong experienced fixer for international productions is essential for navigating the complex landscape of filming regulations and cultural nuances. Nantong, a vibrant city in Jiangsu Province, offers unique filming opportunities ranging from its rich cultural heritage to modern industrial landscapes that provide stunning visual backdrops. However, the complexities of local regulations, language barriers, and logistical challenges can be daunting without proper guidance. That’s where our specialized fixer services become invaluable for production teams seeking to capture Nantong’s unique character while maintaining production efficiency and compliance with local requirements.

Comprehensive Production Support in Nantong

At Shoot in China, we specialize in providing end-to-end production solutions tailored specifically to the needs of international clients working throughout China. Our Nantong-based fixers are seasoned professionals with deep local knowledge and extensive networks developed through years of experience in the region’s film industry. Whether you’re filming a corporate video, documentary, or commercial production, we ensure seamless execution from pre-production planning through post-production delivery. Our team understands the specific challenges that international crews face and provides proactive solutions to keep your project on track and within budget.

Key Services Offered

• Location Scouting: Access to Nantong’s most iconic and hidden filming spots, including historical sites, industrial zones, and natural landscapes that showcase the region’s diversity.
• Bilingual Crews: Mandarin and English-speaking teams for smooth communication between international directors and local talent or officials.
• Logistical Support: Comprehensive assistance with permits, transportation, accommodation arrangements, and coordination with local authorities.
• Equipment Rental: High-end cameras, lighting, and drones from top brands like Canon, Sony, and Arri, maintained to international standards.
• Cultural Consultation: Expert guidance on local customs, traditions, and cultural sensitivities to ensure respectful and authentic storytelling.

High-End Production Workflows

Our team leverages cutting-edge technology and industry-standard workflows to deliver exceptional results that meet global production standards. From 4K cinematography to dynamic aerial shots using licensed drone pilots with proper certifications, we ensure your project achieves the visual quality expected by international audiences. Our post-production services, including professional editing, motion graphics animation, and video localization for multiple markets, add the finishing touches that elevate your production above competitors. We maintain rigorous quality control processes throughout every stage of production to guarantee consistent excellence.

Case Study: A Seamless Production in Nantong

Recently, we supported an international documentary team filming throughout Nantong’s urban and rural areas. Our fixer facilitated location permits with multiple government departments, arranged interviews with local cultural experts and industry leaders, and provided continuous on-the-ground translation services during the three-week shoot. The result was a high-quality documentary that authentically captured the essence of Nantong’s cultural heritage and industrial transformation, earning praise from both the production team and the broadcast network. This successful collaboration demonstrates how our fixer services can transform challenging international productions into smooth, efficient operations.

Why Work With Shoot in China?

With over 1,600 projects completed across China’s major production hubs including Shanghai, Beijing, and Shenzhen, we bring unparalleled expertise and established relationships to every production. Our team, led by industry veterans Matt Clarke and Clark Wang, ensures your project benefits from decades of combined experience in Chinese media production. Whether you’re filming in Nantong or other major Chinese locations, we provide the comprehensive support needed to bring your creative vision to life while navigating the unique challenges of production in China. Our track record includes successful collaborations with major broadcast networks, streaming platforms, and corporate clients from around the world.

Contact Us Today

Ready to start your next project in Nantong? Contact us today for expert fixer services designed specifically for international productions. Our team is available to discuss your project requirements, provide preliminary location assessments, and develop a comprehensive production plan that addresses all logistical and creative considerations. Let us handle the complex details of local production while you focus on creating exceptional content that resonates with global audiences. We’re committed to making your Nantong filming experience efficient, compliant, and creatively rewarding from initial concept through final delivery.

Why Choose a Nantong Professional Video Producer for Hire?

When you need to hire a Nantong professional video producer for exceptional filming solutions in China, partnering with experienced specialists becomes crucial for project success. At Shoot in China, we bring over a decade of expertise in delivering exceptional video production services across the country. Based in Shanghai, our boutique production house has completed over 1,600 projects, ranging from corporate videos and documentaries to high-end commercials and event coverage. Our deep understanding of both Chinese and international production standards ensures that every project meets the highest quality benchmarks while respecting local regulations and cultural nuances.

Comprehensive Video Production Services

Our team offers end-to-end production support, ensuring every aspect of your project is handled with precision. From bilingual crews and location scouting to casting and logistics, we provide turnkey solutions tailored to your needs. Whether you’re filming in Nantong, Shanghai, or any other major city in China, our services include comprehensive planning and execution. We maintain extensive equipment inventories and work with trusted local partners throughout Jiangsu province to guarantee smooth operations. Our production managers coordinate all logistical details, from permit acquisition to crew accommodation, allowing you to focus on creative direction.

• Creative Concept Development: We work closely with you to craft compelling narratives that resonate with your audience, conducting thorough research and developing storyboards that align with your brand messaging and marketing objectives.
• High-End Equipment: Access to top-tier cameras like Canon, Sony, and Arri, as well as professional lighting setups, sound recording gear, and specialized accessories for any filming scenario.
• Post-Production Excellence: Our editors specialize in English and Mandarin editing, animation, motion graphics, and video localization, ensuring your content connects with diverse audiences across different markets.
• Aerial Filming: Licensed drone pilots capture dynamic shots that elevate your project, with proper authorization secured for all aerial operations in compliance with Chinese aviation regulations.

Our Expertise in Nantong and Beyond

Nantong, a thriving industrial and cultural hub, offers unique filming opportunities with its blend of modern infrastructure and traditional architecture. Our team is well-versed in navigating the city’s logistics, ensuring seamless production from pre-production planning through final delivery. With a network spanning major Chinese cities like Beijing, Shenzhen, Chengdu, and Hong Kong, we bring unparalleled flexibility and local knowledge to every project. We understand the specific requirements for filming in different regions of China and maintain relationships with local authorities to streamline permit processes and location access.

Client Benefits of Working With Us

Choosing Shoot in China means partnering with a team that prioritizes quality, efficiency, and creativity. Here’s what sets us apart from other production companies operating in the region. Our commitment to client satisfaction extends beyond mere service delivery to building long-term partnerships that support your ongoing content needs. We maintain transparent communication throughout projects and provide regular progress updates to ensure alignment with your expectations and timelines.

• Proven Track Record: Over 1,600 successful projects completed for international clients across various industries, including technology, manufacturing, tourism, and education sectors.
• Bilingual Support: Fluent in both English and Mandarin, we bridge communication gaps effortlessly, facilitating smooth collaboration between international teams and local stakeholders.
• Customized Solutions: Tailored services to meet your specific project requirements, budget constraints, and creative vision, with flexible packages designed for projects of all scales.
• Industry-Leading Equipment: State-of-the-art tools for stunning visuals and sound, regularly updated to incorporate the latest technological advancements in film production.

Real-World Success Stories

Our portfolio includes high-profile projects for global brands, showcasing our ability to deliver under tight deadlines and complex conditions. From corporate videos shot in Nantong’s industrial parks to documentaries capturing the city’s rich cultural heritage, we bring stories to life with precision and creativity. Recent projects include manufacturing facility tours for international investors, promotional content for Nantong’s tourism board, and training videos for multinational corporations establishing operations in the Yangtze River Delta region. Each project demonstrates our capacity to adapt to diverse client needs while maintaining consistent quality standards.

Contact Us Today

Ready to elevate your next project? Contact Shoot in China for expert Nantong professional video producer for hire services. Let us handle the details while you focus on your vision. Reach out at [email protected] or visit our Shanghai office to discuss your needs. Our team typically responds within 24 hours to initial inquiries and provides detailed proposals within three business days. We offer complimentary initial consultations to understand your project scope and objectives before providing customized service recommendations and transparent pricing structures.